· answer should contain up to 300 words (not including tables, bibliography, footnotes or appendices).
· Font: Arial, size 12.
· All assignments must be written in English. Other languages will not be accepted.
· Make sure to use correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
· Use at least two academic sources (i.e. articles published in peer-reviewed academic journals and/or in books published in well-established academic presses) and two general sources (websites, newspapers, magazines etc.) for each question.
· Make sure to use resources that are as up-to-date as possible.
· You are also encouraged to use data from official government and municipal sources, as well as from international organizations (UN, World Bank, etc.).
· Remember to cite the sources for all data, and any images, graphs or other visual materials.
· You must follow formal academic reference guidelines! Make sure to read the academic references guidelines on the course’s Moodle website
· Do not copy-paste from the sources you use. Any phrase longer than a few words that is used without proper attribution and citation will automatically lead to a 15 point markdown on your grade. If the copy-pasted text is significantly longer, or if this is repeated in the paper, we will disqualify your paper.
· Do not plagiarize or use materials from other students or previous versions of this course. We will immediately disqualify papers on such grounds.
Moscow
3. Urban Societies: Poverty, Informality and Inequality (refers to Unit 6)
Examine and analyze the main trends regarding poverty, informality, and inequality in your city.
A. Present the following information on your city in a concise table (up to one page, not counted as part of the 300-word limit):
What percentage of the city’s residents live below the poverty line (international, national, or local)?
What percentage of the city’s residents live in areas that qualify as slums or informal areas?
What is the estimated size and makeup of the informal economy, and how many people are estimated to work in it?
How (un)equal is your city (based on inequality indices like GINI)?
B. Based on your analysis of the data you collected, answer at least two of the following questions:
What unique issues and vulnerabilities do residents of slums/informal neighborhoods in your city face?
What policies does the city promote with regard to urban poverty, slums/informal settlements (i.e. slum clearance, slum upgrading, etc.)? Give specific examples.
Overall, how successful has the city been in addressing poverty and inequality?
Present a well-reasoned argument based on cited facts and references.
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